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Overview of the Scalable Video Coding Extension of the H.264/AVC Standard

H Schwarz — 2008-05-25T21:05:24-00:00

Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 17, No. 9. (2007), pp. 1103-1120.

With the introduction of the H.264/AVC video coding standard, significant improvements have recently been demonstrated in video compression capability. The Joint Video Team of the ITU-T VCEG and the ISO/IEC MPEG has now also standardized a Scalable Video Coding (SVC) extension of the H.264/AVC standard. SVC enables the transmission and decoding of partial bit streams to provide video services with lower temporal or spatial resolutions or reduced fidelity while retaining a reconstruction quality that is high relative to the rate of the partial bit streams. Hence, SVC provides functionalities such as graceful degradation in lossy transmission environments as well as bit rate, format, and power adaptation. These functionalities provide enhancements to transmission and storage applications. SVC has achieved significant improvements in coding efficiency with an increased degree of supported scalability relative to the scalable profiles of prior video coding standards. This paper provides an overview of the basic concepts for extending H.264/AVC towards SVC. Moreover, the basic tools for providing temporal, spatial, and quality scalability are described in detail and experimentally analyzed regarding their efficiency and complexity.

Overview of the H.264/AVC video coding standard

T Wiegand — 2007-05-01T05:30:12-00:00

Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 13, No. 7. (2003), pp. 560-576.

H.264/AVC is newest video coding standard of the ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group and the ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group. The main goals of the H.264/AVC standardization effort have been enhanced compression performance and provision of a "network-friendly" video representation addressing "conversational" (video telephony) and "nonconversational" (storage, broadcast, or streaming) applications. H.264/AVC has achieved a significant improvement in rate-distortion efficiency relative to existing standards. This article provides an overview of the technical features of H.264/AVC, describes profiles and applications for the standard, and outlines the history of the standardization process.

Performance comparison of video coding standards using Lagrangian coder control

A Joch — 2008-05-22T04:30:29-00:00

Image Processing. 2002. Proceedings. 2002 International Conference on, Vol. 2 (2002), pp. II-501-II-504 vol.2.

A unified approach to the coder control of video coding standards such as MPEG-2, H.263, MPEG-4, and the draft video coding standard JVT/H.26L/AVC is presented. Using this unified framework, the performance of the various standards is compared by means of PSNR and subjective testing results. The results indicate that JVT/H.26L/AVC compliant encoding can typically achieve essentially the same objective PSNR reproduction quality as encoders that are compliant with previous standards while requiring as little as 60% or less of the bit rate of the next best standard, particularly for higher-latency applications and particularly for more difficult source material. Subjective testing shows that the bit savings produced by this draft standard are even larger than the PSNR results indicate.

Video Multicast over Wireless Mesh Networks with Scalable Video Coding (SVC)

X Zhu — 2008-05-09T21:59:02-00:00

(2008)

Low-delay peer-to-peer streaming using scalable video coding

Pierpaolo Baccichet — 2008-05-09T20:50:52-00:00

Packet Video 2007 (2007), pp. 173-181.

Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks represent a valuable architecture for streaming video over the Internet. In these systems, users contribute their resources to relay the media to others and no dedicated infrastructure is required. In order to ensure a low end-to-end delay, P2P overlay networks are often organized as a set of complementary multicast trees. The source of the stream multiplexes the data on top of these trees and the routing of packets is statically defined. In this scenario, the reliability of the overlay links is critical for the performance of the system since temporary link failure or network congestion can cause a significant disruption of the end-user quality. The novel Scalable Video Coding (SVC) standard enables efficient usage of the network capacity by allowing intermediate high capacity nodes in the overlay network to dynamically extract layers from the scalable bit stream to serve less capable peers. On the other hand, SVC incurs a certain loss in terms of coding efficiency with respect to H.264/AVC single-layer coding. We propose a simple model that allows to evaluate the trade-off of using a scalable codec with respect to single-layer coding, given the distribution of the receivers’ capacities in an error-free network. We also report experimental results obtained by using SVC on top of a real-time implementation of the Stanford Peer-to-Peer Multicast (SPPM) protocol that clearly show the benefits of a prioritization mechanism to react to network congestion.